Step 1. Write down three sentences in three different tenses denoting the same action and ask the students to observe the difference .
a. He reached station .
b. He has reached station .
c. He had reached station before the train arrived .
Step 2. Ask questions on each sentence about the verb , it’s form and the usage .
a. It’s a statement on some past action .
b. It relates to the action already started but just completed .
c. This sentence has two actions . Earlier action is past perfect because it took place first and second action will be in simple past .
Step 3. Now we can derive the rules for each tense and understand their application by using them in situations . For example : state three things you did last night .
Ask question using has/ have so as to get answers using has/ have .
For example : Have done your home work ?
Has your friend come back ?
Give situations where two actions take place in past time . Ask them to join the sentence using past perfect and tell them the rule .
use had + auxiliary form of the verb to make past perfect .
use past perfect with the action that took place prior to the next . Use past tense for the action that took place later .
a. It started raining raining . Before i reached the bus station .
Ans : It had started raining before I reached the bus station
Step 4. Give exercises asking them to join the sentences to make past perfect tense .
Tell them to find the errors .
Give exercises with fill in the blanks .
Give oral practice using some language games .